Steel Wire Coil

Steel forgings are blanks from which products of various shapes and purposes are formed. The appearance of forgings depends on what product is supposed to be produced from them.

General characteristics of European forgings:

• reliability;
• flexibility;
• wear resistance;

Forgings are made from durable steel grades. Raw materials for the blank are selected based on the scope of future products. It is taken into account what loads the products will receive and the conditions of their operation.

Forgings are used in the following environment:

• with high temperatures;
• with cryogenic indicators;
• with temperature interruptions;
• under pressure.

Among the steels used in the production of forgings: ferritic and martensitic, austenitic and austenitic-ferritic, boron alloys, as well as steels for hardening and tempering.

Depending on the type of steel used for production, forgings are:

• carbon - made of high strength carbon steels. Such forgings are used in the construction of cranes, reinforcement structures, for bearings;
• alloyed - forgings formed from steel, alloyed with additional chemical elements. Among them: manganese and cobalt, nickel and chromium and others. The main purpose of alloying substances is to make steel more durable, resistant to mechanical damage and having anti-corrosion protection;
• tool - made from alloyed and carbon steels, which are most in demand in the form of mandrels, cutters and other forms. Also tool steel forgings are used for the production of high-precision tools.

The most commonly used tool steels are 55NiCrMoV7 / 1.2714 and 45NiCrMoV16-6 / 1.2746; also for the production of forgings, structural steels are used, such as: 13CrMo4-5 / 1.7335, 13CrMo4-5 / 1.7335, 42CrMo4 / 1.7225; heat-resistant (Х22CrMoV12-1 / 1.4923), normalized and tempered (P305GH (NT) / 1.0436) steels.

Forgings are standardized based on the weight and shape of products, steel grade, mechanical properties and test results (including impact strength) to which steel products are subjected, etc.

The specifications also establish the purpose of steel forgings:

• for parts, components of pipes (including fittings, flanges, valves), vessels and systems that operate under pressure - EN 10222-2, -3, -4 and ASTM A105, A350, A694, A182;
• for use in general engineering - EN 10250-2, -3.
• for fasteners (hardware) that are used at high and / or low temperatures, as well as under pressure - EN 10269 and ASTM A193, A194;

Range of European steel forgings

Depending on the production method, a distinction is made between:

• forged - forgings are formed by striking the required force. For this, a sledgehammer or a blacksmith's hammer is usually used. Billets are made from a heated material or using the cold forging method.
• stamped - forgings are made by applying uniform pressure to the workpiece, which leads to the final formation of the forging to the required shape. Also stamping can be done using a press. This method of forging production is used quite often, since it is during stamping that the metal does not spread.

Stages of manufacturing forgings by stamping:

• separation of the workpiece of the required size;
• heating the workpiece;
• stamping (in the preliminary and final strand);
• removal of excess material;
• creating holes (if required);
• heat treatment;
• etching.

Forging is a more complex process than stamping. Also, the amount of material used in forging exceeds the consumption in the manufacture of stamped forgings. However, it is with the help of forging that dimensional products are formed.

In the manufacture of forgings, different methods of steel casting are used:

• siphon;
• brook;
• continuous.

Forgings are also produced from deoxidized steel and in the form of ingots.
Depending on the configuration, forgings are produced:

• with a round section;
• with a rectangular section;
• with a square section.

The range of metal products that are formed from forgings is very wide: shafts, rings, discs (with and without a hole), cylinders, plates, cubes, crosses, trunnions, flanges, etc.
Applications of steel forgings

Owing to the wide range of steels from which forgings are made, their demand and an extended range of applications, forgings are spreading in various industrial areas related to the extraction, processing and production of metal products.

Forgings are used in:

• agriculture and electrical industry;
• shipbuilding, aircraft building, machine tool building; mechanical engineering and instrument making;
• oil, nuclear and chemical industries.

You can order and buy European steel forgings at URAL TRADE . We supply high-quality rolled metal products from leading European manufacturers. All products are accompanied by a package of certificates confirming compliance with regulatory world standards.